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| Name | Discovery | Satellites | Diameter | Weight | Volume | Surface | Rotation period | Period of revolution | Average orbital speed | Internal structure | Structure of the Atmosphere | Geological ages |
| Solar system |
| Inner Solar System |
| Inner planets |
| Mercury |
Prehistory |
|
|
3.3022×1023 kg 0.055 Earths |
6.083x1010 km3 0.056 Earths |
7.48×107 km2 0.147 Earths |
58.646 day 1407.5 h |
87.969 1 d 0.240 846 a 0.5 MSD |
47.87 km/s |
Crust: 100–300 km thick Mantle: 600 km thick Core: 1,800 km radius |
- O2: 42%
- Na: 29%
- H2: 22%
- He: 6%
- K: 0.5%
|
Pre-Tolstojan (4.6-4 billion years), Tolstojan (4-3.9 billion years), Calorian (3.9 to 3.5 or 3.0 billion years), Mansurian (3.5 or 3.0 to 1.0 billion years), Kuiperian (1.0 billion years to present) |
| Venus |
Prehistory |
|
|
4.868 5×1024 kg 0.815 Earths |
9.38×1011 km3 0.866 Earths |
4.60×108 km2 0.902 Earths |
|
224.700 69 day 0.615 197 0 yr 1.9 VSD |
35.02 km/s |
|
- CO2: 96.5%
- N2: 3.5%
- SO2: 0.015%
- Ar: 0.007%
- H2O: 0.002%
- CO: 0.0017%
- He: 0.0012%
- Ne: 0.0007%
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|
| Earth |
Prehistory |
Moon |
|
5.9736×1024 kg |
1.08321×1012 km3 |
510,072,000 km2 |
0.99726968 d 23h 56m 4.100s |
365.256363004 days 1.000017421 yr |
29.78 km/s 107,200 km/h |
Lithosphere (0-60 km), Crust(0-30 km), Upper mantle (35-60 km), Mantle (35-2890 km), Asthenosphere (100-700 km), Outer core (2890 - 5100 km), Inner core (5100 - 6378 km) |
- N2: 78.084%
- O2: 20.946%
- Ar: 0.934%
- CO2: 0.035%
- Ne: 0.001818%
- He: 0.000524%
- CH4: 0.00017%
- Kr: 0.000114%
|
- Precambrian
- Hadean
- Cryptic
- Basin groups
- Nectarian
- Early imbrian
- Archean
- Eoarchean
- Paleoarchean
- Mesoarchean
- Neoarchean
- Proterozoic
- Paleoproterozoic
- Siderian
- Rhyacian
- Orosirian
- Statherian
- Mesoproterozoic
- Calymmian
- Ectasian
- Stenian
- Neoproterozoic
- Tonian
- Cryogenian
- Ediacaran
- [no name]
- Phanerozoic
- Paleozoic
- Cambrian
- Ordovician
- Silurian
- Devonian
- Carboniferous Mississippian
- Carboniferous Pennsylvanian
- Permian
- Mesozoic
- Triassic
- Jurassic
- Cretaceous
- Â
- Cenozoic
- Paleogene
- Neogene
- Quaternary
|
| Mars |
Prehistory |
(2) Phobos, Deimos |
|
6.4185×1023 kg 0.107 Earths |
1.6318×1011 km3 0.151 Earths |
144,798,500 km2 0.284 Earths |
779.96 days 2.135 Julian years |
686.971 days 1.8808 Julian years |
24.077 km/s |
|
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| Dwarf planet |
| Ceres |
|
|
|
9.43 ± 0.07x1020 kg |
|
2 850 000 km2 |
|
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| Asteorid belt |
| Outer Solar System |
| Outer planets |
| Jupiter |
|
(67) Metis, Adrastea, Amalthea, Thebe, Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, Themisto, Leda, Himalia, Lysithea, Elara, Carpo, S/2003 J 12, Euporie, S/2003 J 3, S/2003 J 18, S/2011 J 1, S/2010 J 2, Thelxinoe, Euanthe, Helike, Orthosie, Iocaste, S/2003 J 16, Praxidike, Harpalyke, Mneme, Hermippe, Thyone, Ananke, Herse, Aitne, Kale, Taygete, S/2003 J 19, Chaldene, S/2003 J 15, S/2003 J 10, S/2003 J 23, Erinome, Aoede, Kallichore, Kalyke, Carme, Callirrhoe, Eurydome, S/2011 J 2, Pasithee, S/2010 J 1, Kore, Cyllene, Eukelade, S/2003 J 4, Pasiphaë, Hegemone, Arche, Isonoe, S/2003 J 9, S/2003 J 5, Sinope, Sponde, Autonoe, Megaclite, S/2003 J 2 |
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- H2: 89.8±2.0%
- He: 10.2±2.0%
- CH4: 0.3±0.1%
- NH3: 0.026±0.004%
- HD: 0.0028±0.001%
- C2H6: 0.00058±0.00015%
- H2O:
|
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| Saturn |
|
(62) S/2009 S 1, Pan, Daphnis, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Epimetheus, Janus, Aegaeon, Mimas, Methone, Anthe, Pallene, Enceladus, Tethys, Telesto, Calypso, Dione, Helene, Polydeuces, Rhea, Titan, Hyperion, Iapetus, Kiviuq, Ijiraq, Phoebe, Paaliaq, Skathi, Albiorix, S/2007 S 2, Bebhionn, Erriapus, Skoll, Siarnaq, Tarqeq, S/2004 S 13, Greip, Hyrrokkin, Jarnsaxa, Tarvos, Mundilfari, S/2006 S 1, S/2004 S 17, Bergelmir, Narvi, Suttungr, Hati, S/2004 S 12, Farbauti, Thrymr, Aegir, S/2007 S 3, Bestla, S/2004 S 7, S/2006 S 3, Fenrir, Surtur, Kari, Ymir, Loge, Fornjot |
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- H2: 96.3±2.4%
- He: 3.25±2.4%
- CH4: 0.45±0.2%
- NH3: 0.0125±0.075%
- HD: 0.011±0.0058%
- C2H6: 0.0007±0.00015%
|
|
| Uranus |
13.03.1781, William Herschel |
(27) Cordelia, Ophelia, Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Cupid, Belinda, Perdita, Puck, Mab, Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon, Francisco, Caliban, Stephano, Trinculo, Sycorax, Margaret, Prospero, Setebos, Ferdinand |
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- H2: 82.5±3.3%
- He: 15.2±3.3%
- CH4: 2.3%
- (H2) HD: 0.0148%
|
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| Neptune |
|
(13) Naiad, Thalassa, Despina, Galatea, Larissa, Proteus, Triton, Nereid, Halimede, Sao, Laomedeia, Psamathe, Neso |
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- H2: 80.0±3.2%
- He: 19.0±3.2%
- CH4: 1.5±0.5%
- HD: 0.0192%
- C2H6: 0.00015%
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| Dwarf planet |
| Pluto |
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(5) Charon,Styx,Nix,Kerberos,Hydra |
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| Haumea |
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| Makemake |
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| Eris |
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| Comets |
| Trans Neptunian Region |